BRAINFUL (BRAIN Tumor Focused Ultrasound-enabled Liquid Biopsy) Trial (BRAINFUL)
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04940507 |
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Recruitment Status :
Recruiting
First Posted : June 25, 2021
Last Update Posted : July 27, 2023
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| Tracking Information | |||||||||
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| First Submitted Date ICMJE | June 17, 2021 | ||||||||
| First Posted Date ICMJE | June 25, 2021 | ||||||||
| Last Update Posted Date | July 27, 2023 | ||||||||
| Actual Study Start Date ICMJE | June 10, 2021 | ||||||||
| Estimated Primary Completion Date | June 10, 2024 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) | ||||||||
| Current Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE |
Blood and CSF levels of the circulating free DNA [ Time Frame: Pre-MRgFUS: Within 1 hour; Post-MRgFUS: Within 1 hour, between 3-4 hours; Pre-surgery: Within 1 hour; Post-surgery:Within 1 hour, between 16-24 hours ] Difference in concentration of cfDNA between the blood and CSF samples acquired before and after MRgFUS
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| Original Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE | Same as current | ||||||||
| Change History | |||||||||
| Current Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE |
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| Original Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE |
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| Current Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures | Not Provided | ||||||||
| Original Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures | Not Provided | ||||||||
| Descriptive Information | |||||||||
| Brief Title ICMJE | BRAINFUL (BRAIN Tumor Focused Ultrasound-enabled Liquid Biopsy) Trial | ||||||||
| Official Title ICMJE | Safety and Feasibility of Focused Ultrasound-enabled Liquid Biopsy in Patients With Brain Tumours | ||||||||
| Brief Summary | Background: Accessing brain tumor material for pathological diagnosis requires invasive procedures that carry risk to patients including brain hemorrhages and death. Liquid biopsies are emerging non-invasive alternatives to direct tumour biopsies but the abundance of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is relatively low and this limits our ability to accurately make the molecular diagnosis of brain tumors. We have recently shown promising results that suggest that the analysis of blood samples can distinguish brain tumor types. We now want to couple liquid biopsies with high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to enhance the release of tumor DNA into the circulation and increase the sensitivity/and specificity of liquid biopsies for brain tumors. The aim of this project is to build on our preliminary findings and investigate the the time dependent changes associated with HIFU of a tumor to see if it improves accuracy of diagnosis and specifically molecular subtyping of tumors based on peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulating tumor derived markers following HIFU. |
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| Detailed Description | Objective: To increase plasma ctDNA and thereby improve the identification of ctDNA-based genomic and epigenomic biomarkers, magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) will be utilized in brain tumor patients to enhance the release of tumour DNA into blood circulation and CSF. Study type: Single-center, prospective, single-blinded, single arm, controlled clinical trial. Experimental Approach: Aim 1: To assess the utility of MRgFUS in enhancing the abundance of brain tumor ctDNA. Non-invasive brain tumor diagnosis and treatment has the potential to transform patient care but necessitates improved sensitivity for epigenomic and genomic biomarker detection than is possible with current approaches. It has been shown that MRgFUS can enhance circulating biomarker presence in animal models and that it can be safely utilized intracranially in humans. Accordingly, this Aim expands on existing literature to utilize MRgFUS to improve the abundance of circulating tumour DNA in brain tumor patients as the first step in the transformation to non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring. The results of this aim will inform on the optimal timepoint of plasma sampling after MRgFUS to obtain the highest quantity of ctDNA for use in molecular analyses. Aim 2: To evaluate the utility of MRgFUS in enhancing the non-invasive detection of brain tumor methylation signatures. Published work from our lab has shown that gliomas can be distinguished from other brain tumours accurately using the sensitive detection of plasma methylation alterations (mean AUC 0.99). Unfortunately, the identification of glioma subtype is more limited, and the models developed to distinguish glioblastomas have a mean AUC of 0.71 (only for IDH). Given that glioblastomas have a distinct biology and are typically managed differently than lower grade gliomas, the ability to non-invasively determine glioma subtype is clinically very important. The use of MRgFUS to improve the sensitivity of non-invasive plasma methylation signature detection of brain tumors in this aim has the potential to change care for these patients by allowing for either avoidance of surgery in patients who are not amenable to resection, improved surgical planning for those that are, and longitudinal repeat sampling to identify clonal evolution and acquisition of new clinically-relevant molecular alterations. Aim 3: To improve the non-invasive detection of brain tumor genomic alterations using MRgFUS. Attempts to identify tumour genomic alterations non-invasively through blood samples has largely been ineffective due to the low ctDNA abundance and its short half-life. The identification of tumoral mutations is important for prognostication at the time of diagnosis and to identify alterations with available targeted treatments. This aim utilizes MRgFUS to improve ctDNA abundance in order to allow for non-invasive detection of clinically-relevant genomic alterations such as IDH1/2, TERT promoter, CDKN2A/B, PTEN, EGFR, TP53, BRAF, and PDGFRA mutations in glioblastoma patients. Significance: Overall, this work will support the use of a MRgFUS-enhanced liquid biopsy approach that avoids the risks of intracranial biopsy and identifies genomic and epigenomic alterations of brain tumors with higher sensitives and specificities than can be achieved with current plasma-based approaches which approach the accuracy of tissue-based approaches. This non-invasive identification of brain tumor methylation signatures will allow for diagnosis without the need for invasive intracranial biopsy. Additionally, non-invasive identification of and monitoring for genomic alterations in brain tumors will be important for treatment decision, particularly for targeted treatments typically offered at the time of recurrence which depend on mutations found in the tumor. The overarching goal of this project is to shift the paradigm of ascertaining brain tumor diagnosis from high-risk invasive procedures to a non-invasive diagnostic approach with potentially additional advantages, such as reaching surgically inaccessible brain regions, capturing the tumoral heterogeneity, serial monitoring of the tumor, early detection of progressive disease and distinguishing tumor from pseudoprogression/radiation necrosis. Impact Statement Liquid biopsies in brain tumor patients are limited to date by low or even undetectable levels of tumor biomarkers. We hypothesize that this limitation can be overcome by a novel approach using high intensity focused ultrasound to significantly increase the release tumor biomarker into the blood and thereby improve the sensitivity of liquid biopsy. This work is expected to lead to a paradigm shift in the way we approach brain tumour diagnosis and treatment, allowing for non-invasive patient prognostication and treatment target identification to optimize approach to prevent glioblastoma progression. We expect many changes to neuro-oncology care to follow as approaches to improve liquid biopsy improve as outlined below. Firstly, a common indication for surgery in brain tumour patients is for a tumour biopsy, as treatment decisions for other cancer therapies like radiotherapy and systemic therapies depend on tumour diagnosis and specific tumour mutations which cannot be made based on imaging alone. For these patients, it is expected that non-invasive diagnosis would replace the need for neurosurgical biopsy and avoid associated risks including hemorrhage and death. Additionally, for patients who require surgery for tumour removal together with diagnosis, the ability to diagnose tumour prior to surgery will inform preoperative and intraoperative decision making regarding the aggressiveness of tumour resection undertaken. Additionally, the median time to glioblastoma recurrence is 7-8 months and treatment decision making at the time of recurrence typically leads to the use of targeted treatments, often in the context of clinical trials, which requires repeat tumour biopsies. Not only will this technology avoid the need for repeat biopsies at the time of recurrence in these patients and associated risks, but this technology also allows for the entirety of tumoral heterogeneity to be assessed for genomic/epigenomic alterations and not only the small portion of tumour biopsied neurosurgically which may not be representative to the overall tumour heterogeneity. Not only does this approach avoid the need for tumour re-biopsy at the time of recurrence, but it would allow for ongoing longitudinal tumour sampling during routine clinical follow-up which is not possible with neurosurgical biopsies but is possible using non-invasive technology alone as is done here. This can be used to model tumour response to treatment, allowing for early identification of resistance mechanisms, while also tracking clonal evolution over time and outside of when surgical biopsies are indicated. Longitudinal MRgFUS-enhanced liquid biopsy is also expected to allow for the early diagnosis of tumor progression by distinguishing it from pseudoprogression/radiation necrosis, which is an important differential diagnosis. In addition to the diagnostic benefits, spatially partial thermocoagulation necrosis of the tumor after MRgFUS procedure may contribute to the treatment of the patients by cytoreduction of the viable tumor cells and a decrease in their invasion capacity. This is particularly of concern to patients with surgically unresectable tumors in eloquent areas and will benefit these patients significantly. It is also expected that MRgFUS-induced hyperthermia in tumours may enhance the efficacy of radiation treatment. We may potentially simultaneously radiosensitize tumor while obtaining liquid biopsies to monitor treatment response and track of clonal evolution over time. In summary, this study is unique in pairing experts with both MRgFUS experience and non-invasive liquid tumour biopsy expertise, in order to apply the benefits of MRgFUS to a new clinical problem that has the potential to change the way we diagnose and monitor glioblastoma patients. Currently, patients require invasive neurosurgical procedures to diagnose glioblastoma that have associated risks and complications. Our lab has shown that liquid biopsy techniques can be utilized in brain tumour diagnostics but low abundance of circulating tumour DNA limits our ability to determine tumour subtypes and mutations non-invasively. The enhancement of circulating tumour DNA after MRgFUS is a unique approach to improving the sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive approaches to identify glioblastoma epigenomic and genomic alterations. The results of this work may lead change in the way we manage glioblastoma patients, moving away from invasive diagnostic procedures and towards non-invasive tumour diagnosis and monitoring to guide treatment decisions. |
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| Study Type ICMJE | Interventional | ||||||||
| Study Phase ICMJE | Not Applicable | ||||||||
| Study Design ICMJE | Allocation: Non-Randomized Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor) Primary Purpose: Diagnostic |
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| Publications * | Not Provided | ||||||||
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* Includes publications given by the data provider as well as publications identified by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number) in Medline. |
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| Recruitment Information | |||||||||
| Recruitment Status ICMJE | Recruiting | ||||||||
| Estimated Enrollment ICMJE |
50 | ||||||||
| Original Estimated Enrollment ICMJE | Same as current | ||||||||
| Estimated Study Completion Date ICMJE | June 10, 2026 | ||||||||
| Estimated Primary Completion Date | June 10, 2024 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) | ||||||||
| Eligibility Criteria ICMJE | Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Ages ICMJE | 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) | ||||||||
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers ICMJE | No | ||||||||
| Contacts ICMJE |
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| Listed Location Countries ICMJE | Canada | ||||||||
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| NCT Number ICMJE | NCT04940507 | ||||||||
| Other Study ID Numbers ICMJE | 20-6243 707126 ( Other Grant/Funding Number: Canadian Cancer Society and Brain Canada Foundation ) |
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| Has Data Monitoring Committee | Yes | ||||||||
| U.S. FDA-regulated Product |
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| IPD Sharing Statement ICMJE |
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| Current Responsible Party | Andres M. Lozano, University Health Network, Toronto | ||||||||
| Original Responsible Party | Same as current | ||||||||
| Current Study Sponsor ICMJE | University Health Network, Toronto | ||||||||
| Original Study Sponsor ICMJE | Same as current | ||||||||
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| Investigators ICMJE |
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| PRS Account | University Health Network, Toronto | ||||||||
| Verification Date | July 2023 | ||||||||
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ICMJE Data element required by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and the World Health Organization ICTRP |
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