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Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy With 5-Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin Versus 5-Fluorouracil Alone in Rectal Cancer

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00349076
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : July 6, 2006
Last Update Posted : August 1, 2016
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical School

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
Standard treatment for locally advanced cancer of the rectum is preoperative chemoradiotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) plus 4 cycles of postoperative chemotherapy with 5-FU. According to our previous study (CAO/ARO/AIO-94, published in the New England Journal of Medicine 2004; 351:1731-40) this treatment results in only 6% of local failures, yet, still 36% of all patients develop distant metastasis. Therefore, our new study (CAO/ARO/AIO-04) incorporates new drugs, i.e. 5-FU + oxaliplatin, in an effort to improve the control of distant metastases. It is our hypothesis that the rate of disease free survival will improve by 5 to 8% after 3 years of follow-up.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Rectal Neoplasms Drug: 5-FU and oxaliplatin Drug: 5-FU Phase 3

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 1256 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: Prospective Randomised Multicenter Phase-III-study: Preoperative Radiochemotherapy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy With 5-Fluorouracil Plus Oxaliplatin Versus Preoperative Radiochemotherapy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy With 5-Fluorouracil for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Study Start Date : July 2006
Actual Primary Completion Date : December 2015
Actual Study Completion Date : June 2016

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Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: 1

Preoperative simultaneous radiochemotherapy: 5-Fluorouracil und Oxaliplatin:

Radiotherapy starts on day 1 of chemotherapy; 28 fractions; single dose: 1,8 Gy once per day, monday through friday; Total dose: 50,4 Gy; Oxaliplatin: 50 mg/m² i.v., days 1, 8, 22 und 29; 5-Fluorouracil: 250 mg/m²/d continuous infusion, days 1-14 and 22-35

Adjuvant Chemotherapy:

Oxaliplatin: 100 mg/m² i.v. on day 1; Calciumfolinate: 400 mg/m² on day 1; 5-Fluorouracil: 2400 mg/m² continuous infusion for 46 hours; repeat day 15, 8 cycles

 Drug: 5-FU and oxaliplatin

Preoperative radiochemotherapy:

Oxaliplatin: 50 mg/m² i.v., days 1, 8, 22 und 29; 5-Fluorouracil: 250 mg/m²/d continuous infusion, days 1-14 and 22-35

Adjuvant Chemotherapy:

Oxaliplatin: 100 mg/m² i.v. on day 1; Calciumfolinate: 400 mg/m² on day 1; 5-Fluorouracil: 2400 mg/m² continuous infusion for 46 hours repeat day 15, 8 cycles
Active Comparator: 2

Preoperative simultaneous radiochemotherapy: 5-Fluorouracil Radiotherapy starts on day 1 of chemotherapy; 28 fractions; single dose: 1,8 Gy once per day, monday through friday; Total dose: 50,4 Gy; 5-Fluorouracil: Days 1-5 and 29-33: 120h-continuous infusion 1000 mg/m²/d

Adjuvant Chemotherapy: 5-Fluorouracil: 500 mg/m² on 5 consecutive days (day 1-5) i.v. bolus fot 2-5 minutes; repeat day 29, 4 cycles

 Drug: 5-FU

Preoperative radiochemotherapy:

5-Fluorouracil: Days 1-5 and 29-33: 120h-continuous infusion 1000 mg/m²/d

Adjuvant Chemotherapy: 5-Fluorouracil: 500 mg/m² on 5 consecutive days (day 1-5) i.v. bolus fot 2-5 minutes; repeat day 29, 4 cycles


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Disease free survival at 3 years defined as the interval from randomization to locoregional or metastatic recurrence or the appearance or a secondary colorectal cancer or death, whichever occurs first. [ Time Frame: 3 years ]

Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Resection rate, rate of sphincter preservation, tumor regression, cumulative incidence of local and distant recurrences, overall survival, toxicity, quality of life [ Time Frame: 5-year follow up ]

Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Minimum age: 18 years
  • Histologically proven, advanced primary carcinoma of the rectum (tumor ? 12cm from the anal verge, with clinically staged T3/4 or any node-positive disease
  • No prior therapy except a diverting stoma
  • ECOG PS less than or equal 2
  • Adequate bone marrow function: Leukocytes > 3,5 x 10^9/L Absolute neutrophil count > 1,5 x 10^9/L Platelet count > 100 x 10^9/L Hemoglobin > 10 g/dl
  • Adequate hepatic function: Total bilirubin < 2,0 mg/dl ALAT, ASAT, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-GT < 3 x ULN 7. Serum creatinine < 1,5 mg/dl, creatinine-clearance > 50 ml/min
  • Written informed consent before randomization

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant or breast feeding women
  • Fertile patients without adequate contraception during therapy
  • Past or ongoing drug abuse or alcoholic excess
  • Prior chemotherapy
  • Prior radiotherapy to the pelvis
  • Prior (within 4 weeks) or concurrent treatment with any other investigational agent
  • Psychological, familial, sociological or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule
  • History of severe somatic or psychological diseases: - instable cardiac disease not well controlled with medication, myocardial infarction within the last 6 months:* Central nervous system disorders or psychiatric disability including dementia or epileptic disease; * active uncontrolled intercurrent infections or sepsis
  • Peripheral neuropathy > 2 (NCI CTC AE grading)
  • Previous or concurrent malignancies, with the exception of adequately treated basal cell carcinoma of the skin or in situ carcinoma of the cervix. The inclusion of patients with other adequately treated tumors within the last 5 years has to be discussed with the principal investigator
  • Chronic diarrhea (> NCI CTC AE-Grad 1)
  • Known allergy to substances containing platinum compounds
  • Concurrent use of the antiviral agent sorivudine or chemically related analogues
  • Known deficiency of dehydropyrimidindehydrogenase (DPD)
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00349076


Locations
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Sponsors and Collaborators
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical School
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Rolf Sauer, M.D. Dept. of Radiation Therapy, University of Erlangen, Germany
More Information
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Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

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Responsible Party: University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical School
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00349076    
Other Study ID Numbers: CAO/ARO/AIO-04
German Cancer Aid (no. 106759)
First Posted: July 6, 2006    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: August 1, 2016
Last Verified: July 2016
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Rectal Neoplasms
Colorectal Neoplasms
Intestinal Neoplasms
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms
Digestive System Neoplasms
Neoplasms by Site
Neoplasms
Digestive System Diseases
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Intestinal Diseases
 Rectal Diseases
Oxaliplatin
Fluorouracil
Antineoplastic Agents
Antimetabolites
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
Immunosuppressive Agents
Immunologic Factors
Physiological Effects of Drugs