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Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors (MK-3475-028/KEYNOTE-28)

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02054806
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : February 4, 2014
Results First Posted : October 30, 2023
Last Update Posted : October 30, 2023
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC

Study Description
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Brief Summary:

This study will assess the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab (MK-3475) administered to participants with incurable advanced biomarker-positive solid tumors that have not responded to current therapy or for which current therapy is not appropriate.

The study hypothesis is that administration of pembrolizumab to participants with some types of solid tumors will result in a clinically meaningful response rate.


Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Solid Tumor Biological: Pembrolizumab Phase 1

Detailed Description:
Qualified participants who complete up to ~2 years of pembrolizumab treatment but progress after discontinuation may be eligible for a second course of pembrolizumab for up to ~1 additional year, at the Investigator's discretion. Per protocol, response or progression during this second course will not count towards efficacy outcome measures and adverse events during this second course will not count towards safety outcome measures.
Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 477 participants
Allocation: N/A
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: Phase IB Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in Subjects With Select Advanced Solid Tumors
Actual Study Start Date : February 17, 2014
Actual Primary Completion Date : April 30, 2021
Actual Study Completion Date : April 30, 2021

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine


Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Pembrolizumab
Participants receive pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg, intravenously (IV), once every 2 weeks (Q2W) for up to ~2 years
 Biological: Pembrolizumab
IV infusion
Other Names:
  • MK-3475
  • KEYTRUDA®


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Overall Response Rate (ORR) [ Time Frame: Up to approximately 86 months ]
    Overall response rate (ORR) was defined as the percentage of participants who experienced a complete response (CR; disappearance of all target lesions) or a Partial Response (PR; at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions) and was assessed using modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 by the investigator.


Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Number of Participants Who Experienced an Adverse Event (AE) [ Time Frame: Up to approximately 28 months ]
    An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease (new or exacerbated) temporally associated with the use of a study intervention. The number of participants with at least one AE was assessed.

  2. Number of Participants Who Discontinued From Study Treatment Due to an AE [ Time Frame: Up to approximately 25 months ]
    An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease (new or exacerbated) temporally associated with the use of a study intervention. The number of participants who discontinued treatment due to an AE was assessed.

  3. Progression Free Survival (PFS) [ Time Frame: Up to approximately 86 months ]
    PFS was defined as the time from the date of allocation to the date of the first documentation of disease progression, as determined by investigator per modified RECIST 1.1 or death due to any cause (whichever occurred first). Disease progression was defined as at least 20 percent (%) increase (including an absolute increase of at least 5 millimeter [mm]) in the sum of diameter of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions and/or appearance of 1 or more new lesions. PFS was estimated and analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method.

  4. Overall Survival (OS) [ Time Frame: Up to approximately 86 months ]
    OS was defined as the time from the date of allocation to the date of death due to any cause. Participants who were lost to follow-up and those who were alive at the end of the trial were censored at the date of last assessment.

  5. Duration of Response (DOR) [ Time Frame: Up to approximately 86 months ]
    For participants who demonstrated a confirmed CR (disappearance of all target lesions) or PR (at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions) per modified RECIST 1.1, DOR was defined as the time from first documented evidence of a CR or PR until progressive disease (PD) or death. DOR for participants who had not progressed or died at the time of analysis was censored at the date of their last tumor assessment. Per modified RECIST 1.1, PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions. In addition to the relative increase of 20%, the sum must also have demonstrated an absolute increase of at least 5 mm. The appearance of one or more new lesions was also considered PD. DOR assessments were based on investigator with confirmation. The DOR according to modified RECIST 1.1 for all participants who experienced a confirmed CR or PR was reported. Per protocol, participants were analyzed according to disease type.


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Histologically or cytologically documented locally-advanced and/or metastatic solid malignancy that is incurable, and has failed prior standard therapy or for which standard therapy is not appropriate
  • Have biomarker-positive solid tumor
  • Have measurable disease based on Response Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1)
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance status of 0 or 1
  • Adequate organ function
  • Female participants of childbearing potential must be willing to use an adequate method of contraception for the course of the study through 120 days after the last dose of study medication
  • Male participants of childbearing potential must agree to use an adequate method of contraception starting with the first dose of study medication through 120 days after the last dose of study medication

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Is currently participating and receiving study therapy or has participated in a study of an investigational agent and received study therapy or used an investigational device within 4 weeks of the first dose of treatment
  • Diagnosis of immunodeficiency or receiving systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of trial treatment
  • Prior anti-cancer therapy with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) within 4 weeks prior to study Day 1 or not recovered from adverse events due to mAbs administered more than 4 weeks earlier
  • Prior chemotherapy, targeted small molecule therapy, or radiation therapy within 2 weeks (12 weeks for measurable sites of central nervous system [CNS] disease) prior to study Day 1 or not recovered from adverse events due to a previously administered agent
  • Known additional malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment excepting basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin that has undergone potentially curative therapy, or in situ cervical cancer
  • Known active CNS metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis
  • Has an active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in past 2 years (i.e. with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs). Replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment
  • Has evidence of interstitial lung disease or a history of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or has current pneumonitis
  • Active infection requiring systemic therapy
  • Known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the trial
  • Pregnant, breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children within the projected duration of the trial, starting with the pre-screening or screening visit through 120 days after the last dose of trial treatment
  • Has previously participated in any other pembrolizumab (MK-3475) trial, or received prior therapy with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-PD-L2 (including ipilimumab or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways)
  • Known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • Known active Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C
  • Has received a live vaccine within 30 days of planned start of study medication. Examples of live vaccines include, but are not limited to, the following: measles, mumps, rubella, varicella/zoster (chicken pox), yellow fever, rabies, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and typhoid vaccine. Seasonal influenza vaccines for injection are generally killed virus vaccines and are allowed; however, intranasal influenza vaccines (e.g. FluMist®) are live attenuated vaccines and are not allowed.
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT02054806


Sponsors and Collaborators
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
Investigators
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Study Director: Medical Director Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC:
Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] November 28, 2017

More Information
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Publications of Results:

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

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Responsible Party: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02054806    
Other Study ID Numbers: 3475-028
142515 ( Registry Identifier: JAPIC-CTI )
MK-3475-028 ( Other Identifier: Merck )
KEYNOTE-28 ( Other Identifier: Merck )
2013-004507-39 ( EudraCT Number )
First Posted: February 4, 2014    Key Record Dates
Results First Posted: October 30, 2023
Last Update Posted: October 30, 2023
Last Verified: February 2023
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD: Yes
Plan Description: http://engagezone.msd.com/doc/ProcedureAccessClinicalTrialData.pdf
URL: http://engagezone.msd.com/ds_documentation.php
Keywords provided by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC:
Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD1, PD-1)
Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1 (PDL1, PD-L1)
Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 (PDL2, PD-L2)
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Neoplasms
Pembrolizumab
Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
 Antineoplastic Agents
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action