Study of Efficacy and Safety of Novel Spartalizumab Combinations in Patients With Previously Treated Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma (PLATforM)

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03484923
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: April 2, 2018
• Results First Posted: January 18, 2024
• Last Update Posted: January 18, 2024
• Sponsor: Novartis Pharmaceuticals
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Novartis ( Novartis Pharmaceuticals )

Study Description

Brief Summary:

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of novel spartalizumab (PDR001) combinations in previously treated unresectable or metastatic melanoma

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Melanoma	Drug: PDR001; Drug: LAG525; Drug: INC280; Drug: ACZ885; Drug: LEE011	Phase 2

Detailed Description:

This study was a randomized, open-label, two-part, multi-center, open platform phase II study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the anti-PD-1 antibody PDR001 in combination with novel agents for previously treated unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Additionally, a non-randomized single-arm was added based on interim analysis findings to assess the efficacy and safety of PDR001 in combination with LAG525 in subjects with previously treated unresectable or metastatic LAG-3 positive melanoma.

The study consisted of two parts: the selection part and the expansion part, which were applicable to both the randomized and non-randomized sections. In the randomized section, participants were randomized to one of four combination arms available for enrollment:

• Arm 1: LAG525 600 mg intravenously (i.v.) every 4 weeks (Q4W) and PDR001 400 mg i.v. Q4W.
• Arm 2: INC280 400 mg orally (p.o.) twice daily (BID) and PDR001 400 mg i.v. Q4W.
• Arm 3: ACZ885 300 mg subcutaneously (s.c.) every 4 weeks (Q4W) and PDR001 400 mg i.v. Q4W.
• Arm 4: LEE011 600 mg p.o. once daily (QD) on Days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle and PDR001 400 mg i.v. Q4W.

At each interim analysis, the following determinations were made: (1) which arm met the pre-specified efficacy criteria and expanded to the expansion part, (2) which arms continued enrollment in selection part (up to 45 subjects), and (3) which arms were discontinued due to futility, considering efficacy, safety, and biomarker data. The expansion phase included enrollment of subjects only in the combination arms that met the pre-specified criteria in selection part.

In the non-randomized section, a single combination arm was opened for enrollment in selection part:

• Arm 1A: LAG525 600 mg i.v. Q4W and PDR001 400 mg i.v. Q4W, assessed in a population selected based on the LAG-3 status of their tumor.

Arm 1A would be eligible for enrollment in expansion part only if it met the pre-specified criterion for this arm.

Participants received the study treatment corresponding to their assigned arm on a 28-day cycle basis until disease progression, as determined by local assessment using RECIST v1.1 criteria, or until certain events occurred, such as unacceptable toxicity, initiation of subsequent anti-cancer therapy, withdrawal of consent, investigator's decision, loss to follow-up, death, or termination of the study by the sponsor. Following discontinuation of the study treatment, all subjects were monitored for safety evaluations for up to 150 days after their last dose of the study treatment.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 196 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Masking Description: After approval of protocol amendment 5 (26Jun2020), a non-randomized single arm was added
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: A Randomized, Open-label, Phase II Open Platform Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Novel Spartalizumab (PDR001) Combinations in Previously Treated Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma
• Actual Study Start Date: September 10, 2018
• Actual Primary Completion Date: December 30, 2022
• Actual Study Completion Date: December 30, 2022

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Arm 1: LAG525 + PDR001 (randomized section); Participnats randomized to receive LAG525 at a dosage of 600 mg administered intravenously every 4 weeks, in combination with PDR001 at a dosage of 400 mg administered intravenously every 4 weeks	Drug: PDR001; 400 mg of PDR001 administered every 4 weeks intravenously; Other Name: Spartalizumab; Drug: LAG525; 600 mg of LAG525 administered every 4 weeks intravenously; Other Name: Ieramilimab
Experimental: Arm 2: INC280+PDR001 (randomized section); Participants randomized to receive INC280 orally at a dosage of 400 mg twice daily, in combination with PDR001 intravenously at a dosage of 400 mg every 4 weeks	Drug: PDR001; 400 mg of PDR001 administered every 4 weeks intravenously; Other Name: Spartalizumab; Drug: INC280; 400 mg of INC280 administered twice daily orally; Other Name: Capmatinib
Experimental: Arm 3: ACZ885 + PDR001 (randomized section); Participants randomized to receive to receive ACZ885 at a dosage of 300 mg administered subcutaneously every 4 weeks, in combination with PDR001 at a dosage of 400 mg administered intravenously every 4 weeks	Drug: PDR001; 400 mg of PDR001 administered every 4 weeks intravenously; Other Name: Spartalizumab; Drug: ACZ885; 200 mg of ACZ885 administered every 4 weeks subcutaneosuly; Other Name: Canakinumab
Experimental: Arm 4: LEE011 + PDR001 (randomized section); Participants randomized to receive LEE011 orally at a dosage of 600 mg once daily on Days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle, in combination with PDR001 intravenously at a dosage of 400 mg every 4 weeks	Drug: PDR001; 400 mg of PDR001 administered every 4 weeks intravenously; Other Name: Spartalizumab; Drug: LEE011; 600 mg of LEE011 orally taken once daily on Days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle; Other Name: Ribociclib
Experimental: Arm 1A: LAG525 + PDR001 (non-randomized section); LAG-3 positive participants received LAG525 at a dosage of 600 mg administered intravenously every 4 weeks, in combination with PDR001 at a dosage of 400 mg administered intravenously every 4 weeks	Drug: PDR001; 400 mg of PDR001 administered every 4 weeks intravenously; Other Name: Spartalizumab; Drug: LAG525; 600 mg of LAG525 administered every 4 weeks intravenously; Other Name: Ieramilimab

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Overall Response Rate (ORR) [ Time Frame: Up to 49 months (randomized section) and 18 months (non-randomized section) ]

   ORR defined as the percentage of patients with a best overall response of either confirmed complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) as per local review by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1) and assessed by computed tomography (CT)/ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

   CR:Disappearance of all non-nodal target and non-target lesions. In addition, any pathological lymph nodes assigned as target lesions must have a reduction in short axis to < 10 mm PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameter of all target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Duration of Response (DOR) [ Time Frame: From first documented response to disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 49 months (randomized part) and 18 months (non-randomized part) ]

   DOR defined as the time from date of first documented CR or PR to date of first documented disease progression (as per local review by RECIST v1.1 and assessed by CT/MRI) or death due to any cause. Subjects continuing without progression or death due to underlying cancer were censored at the date of their last adequate tumor assessment.

   CR:Disappearance of all non-nodal target and non-target lesions. In addition, any pathological lymph nodes assigned as target lesions must have a reduction in short axis to < 10 mm PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameter of all target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters.

2. Overall Survival (OS) [ Time Frame: From randomization (or start of treatment for non-randomized section) to death due to any cause, assessed up to 49 months (randomized section) and 24 months (non-randomized section) ]
   OS was defined as the time from date of randomization (or date of first dose of study treatment in non-randomized part) to date of death due to any cause. The OS distribution was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the medians and 95% confidence intervals of the medians were presented.
3. Progression Free Survival (PFS) [ Time Frame: From randomization (or start of treatment for non-randomized section) to disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 49 months (randomized section) and 18 months (non-randomized section) ]
   PFS was defined as the time between the date of randomization (or date of first dose of study treatment in non-randomized section) to the date of event defined as the first documented disease progression (as per local review by RECIST v1.1 and assessed by CT/MRI) or death due to any cause. If a subject had not had an event before leaving study or initiation of subsequent anticancer therapy, PFS was censored at the date of last adequate tumor assessment. The PFS distribution was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, medians and 95% confidence interval of the medians were presented.
4. Disease Control Rate (DCR) [ Time Frame: Up to 49 months (randomized section) and 18 months (non-randomized section) ]

   DCR was defined as the percentage of participants with best overall response of CR, PR or stable disease (SD) (as per local review by RECIST v1.1 and assessed by CT/MRI).

   CR:Disappearance of all non-nodal target and non-target lesions. In addition, any pathological lymph nodes assigned as target lesions must have a reduction in short axis to < 10 mm PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameter of all target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters.

   SD: Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR or CR nor an increase in lesions which would qualify for progressive disease.

5. Percentage of Participants With PDR001 Anti-drug Antibodies (ADA) Positive Result at Baseline [ Time Frame: At Baseline ]
   Percentage of participants who had a PDR001 ADA positive result at baseline.
6. Percentage of Participants With LAG525 Anti-drug Antibodies (ADA) Positive Result at Baseline [ Time Frame: At Baseline ]
   Percentage of participants who had a LAG525 ADA positive result at baseline. Only applicable for participants enrolled in Arm 1 and Arm 1A.
7. Percentage of Participants With ACZ885 Anti-drug Antibodies (ADA) Positive Result at Baseline [ Time Frame: At Baseline ]
   Percentage of participants who had an ACZ885 ADA positive result at baseline. Only applicable for subjects enrolled in Arm 3.
8. Percentage of Participants Who Were Treatment-induced ADA Positive and Treatment-boosted ADA Positive for PDR001 [ Time Frame: Pre-infusion on Day 1 of Cycle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and thereafter every 3 cycles until end of treatment (EOT), EOT, and 30 and 150 days post-EOT (assessed up to 49 months randomized section and 24 months non-randomized section). Cycle= 28 days ]
   Percentage of participants who tested positive for treatment-induced ADA for PDR001 (subjects with ADA-negative sample at baseline with at least one post-baseline ADA positive sample) as well as treatment-boosted ADA for PDR001 (subjects with baseline positive ADA titre that was boosted to a 4-fold or higher-level following treatment).
9. Percentage of Participants Who Were Treatment-induced ADA Positive and Treatment-boosted ADA Positive for LAG525 [ Time Frame: Pre-infusion on Day 1 of Cycle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and thereafter every 3 cycles until end of treatment (EOT) and EOT (assessed up to 49 months in the randomized section and 18 months in the non-randomized section). Cycle= 28 days ]
   Percentage of participants who tested positive for treatment-induced ADA for LAG525 (subjects with ADA-negative sample at baseline with at least one post-baseline ADA positive sample) as well as treatment-boosted ADA for LAG525 (subjects with baseline positive ADA titre that was boosted to a 4-fold or higher-level following treatment). Only applicable for subjects enrolled in Arm 1 and Arm 1A.
10. Percentage of Participants Who Were Treatment-induced ADA Positive and Treatment-boosted ADA Positive for ACZ885 [ Time Frame: Pre-infusion on Day 1 of Cycle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and thereafter every 3 cycles until end of treatment (EOT) and EOT (assessed up to 40 months). Cycle= 28 days ]
    Percentage of participants who tested positive for treatment-induced ADA for ACZ885 (subjects with ADA-negative sample at baseline with at least one post-baseline ADA positive sample) as well as treatment-boosted ADA for ACZ885 (subjects with baseline positive ADA titre that was boosted to a 4-fold or higher-level following treatment). Only applicable for subjects enrolled in Arm 3.
11. Percentage of Participants With a Favorable Biomarker Profile (pFBP) [ Time Frame: Baseline and after 3-4 weeks of treatment ]

    Biomarker parameters included: 1) number of tumor infiltrating T cells (TIL), 2) activation level of TIL, and 3) changes in immune response gene expression signatures. For the number of TILs, an increase in tumoral CD8+ cell numbers compared to baseline was considered favorable. The activation level of TIL was assessed by the percentage of tumoral CD8+ cells expressing GzmB (a marker for cytotoxic activity) or Ki67 (a marker for cell proliferation), where an increase in either GZMB+/CD8+ or KI67+/CD8+ post-baseline was considered favorable. Changes in immune response gene expression signatures were evaluated by the levels in T-cell inflamed signature (TIS), where an increase from baseline was considered favorable.

    To be categorized as having a pFBP, a subject must meet the favorable criteria for at least two of the three biomarker parameters. The percentage of participants with pFBP was assessed.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Key inclusion criteria for Arm 1, 2, 3, 4:

• Histologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic stage IIIB/C/D or IV melanoma using AJCC edition 8.

• Previously treated for unresectable or metastatic melanoma:

  • Subjects with V600BRAF wild-type disease had to have received prior systemic therapy for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with anti-PD-1/PD-L1. Additionally, subjects may have received anti-CTLA-4 as a single agent or in combination with anti-PD-1/PD-L1, irrespective of the sequence. No additional systemic treatment was allowed for advanced or metastatic melanoma.

A maximum of two prior lines of systemic therapies for unresectable or metastatic melanoma were allowed.

The last dose of prior therapy (anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-CTLA-4) had to have been received more than four weeks before randomization.

• Subjects with V600BRAF mutant disease had to have received prior systemic therapy for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and V600BRAF inhibitor. Additionally, subjects may have received anti-CTLA-4 as a single agent or in combination with anti-PD-1/PD-L1, or MEK inhibitor (in combination with V600BRAF inhibitor or as a single agent), irrespective of the sequence. No additional systemic treatment was allowed for advanced or metastatic melanoma.
• A maximum of three prior lines of systemic therapies for unresectable or metastatic melanoma were allowed.
• The last dose of prior therapy had to have been received more than 4 weeks (for anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-CTLA-4) or more than 2 weeks (for V600BRAF or MEK inhibitor) prior to randomization.

• All subjects (with V600BRAF wild-type disease and with V600BRAF mutant disease) had to have documented disease progression as per RECIST v1.1 while on/after the last therapy received prior to study entry and while on/after treatment with anti-PD1/PD-L1. The last progression had to have occurred within 12 weeks prior to randomization in the study.

  • ECOG performance status 0-2.
  • At least one measurable lesion per RECIST v1.1.
  • At least one lesion, suitable for sequential mandatory tumor biopsies (screening and on-treatment) in accordance with the biopsy guidelines specified in the protocol. The same lesion had to be biopsied sequentially.
  • Screening tumor biopsy had to fulfill the tissue quality criteria outlined in the protocol, as assessed by a local pathologist.

Key inclusion criteria for Arm 1A:

• Histologically confirmed unresectable or metastatic stage IIIB/C/D or IV melanoma according to AJCC Edition 8.

• Previously treated for unresectable or metastatic melanoma:

  • All subjects had to have received anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor therapy (i.e., pembrolizumab or nivolumab) either as monotherapy or in combination with ipilimumab as the last systemic therapy prior to enrollment and had to have confirmed disease progression as per RECIST v1.1 (confirmed on a subsequent scan, which could be the scan performed during screening) while on or after this therapy prior to enrollment.
  • Subjects with V600BRAF wild-type disease had to have received no more than 2 prior systemic therapies, including prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (as monotherapy or in combination with ipilimumab).
  • Subjects with V600BRAF mutant disease had to have received no more than 3 prior systemic therapies, including anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (as monotherapy or in combination with ipilimumab) and V600BRAF inhibitor (as monotherapy or in combination with a MEK inhibitor).
  • The last dose of anti-PD-1-based therapy had to have been received more than four weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment.
  • The last documented disease progression had to have occurred within 12 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment.
  • No additional systemic treatment was allowed for advanced or metastatic melanoma (this included, for example, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy).
• ECOG performance status 0-1.
• At least one measurable lesion per RECIST v1.1.
• Subjects had to have a baseline tumor sample that was positive for LAG-3 per central assessment.

Key exclusion criteria common to all combination arms:

• Subjects with uveal or mucosal melanoma.
• Presence of clinically active or unstable brain metastasis at the time of screening.
• Use of any live vaccines against infectious diseases within 3 months before randomization/enrollment.
• Active infection requiring systemic antibiotic therapy at the time of randomization/enrollment.
• Subjects with a condition requiring systemic treatment with either corticosteroids (>10 mg daily prednisone equivalent) or other immunosuppressive medications within 14 days of randomization/enrollment. Inhaled or topical steroids, and adrenal replacement steroid doses >10 mg daily prednisone equivalent, were permitted in the absence of active autoimmune disease.
• Active, known or suspected autoimmune disease or a documented history of autoimmune disease.
• Prior allogenic bone marrow or solid organ transplant.
• History of known hypersensitivity to any of the investigational drugs used in this study.
• Malignant disease, other than that being treated in this study.
• Prior systemic therapy for unresectable or metastatic melanoma with any investigational agent or with any other agent except anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 (and V600BRAF and MEK inhibitors if the subject has V600BRAF mutant disease). Prior neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy for melanoma completed less than 6 months before the start of the study treatment.
• Medical history or current diagnosis of myocarditis.
• Cardiac Troponin T (or Troponin I) level > 2 x ULN at screening.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, California

The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute

Los Angeles, California, United States, 90025

University of California Los Angeles

Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095

UCSF Medical Center .

San Francisco, California, United States, 94143

United States, Massachusetts

Massachusetts General Hospital Massachusetts Gen. Hospital CC

Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114

United States, New York

NYU Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center Perlmutter Cancer Center

New York, New York, United States, 10016

United States, Pennsylvania

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15232

Australia, New South Wales

Novartis Investigative Site

North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2060

Novartis Investigative Site

Westmead, New South Wales, Australia, 2145

Canada, Ontario

Novartis Investigative Site

Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2M9

Canada, Quebec

Novartis Investigative Site

Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1E2

France

Novartis Investigative Site

Marseille, France, 13009

Novartis Investigative Site

Paris 10, France, 75475

Novartis Investigative Site

Villejuif, France, 94800

Germany

Novartis Investigative Site

Dresden, Germany, 01307

Novartis Investigative Site

Essen, Germany, 45147

Novartis Investigative Site

Hamburg, Germany, 20246

Novartis Investigative Site

Kiel, Germany, 24105

Novartis Investigative Site

Muenchen, Germany, 81377

Italy

Novartis Investigative Site

Bergamo, BG, Italy, 24127

Novartis Investigative Site

Milano, MI, Italy, 20133

Novartis Investigative Site

Napoli, Italy, 80131

Netherlands

Novartis Investigative Site

Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1066 CX

Novartis Investigative Site

Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3015 GD

Spain

Novartis Investigative Site

Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain, 08036

Novartis Investigative Site

Hospitalet de LLobregat, Catalunya, Spain, 08907

Novartis Investigative Site

Madrid, Spain, 28009

Switzerland

Novartis Investigative Site

Zuerich, Switzerland, 8091

United Kingdom

Novartis Investigative Site

Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom, HA6 2RN

Novartis Investigative Site

London, United Kingdom, SW3 6JJ

Novartis Investigative Site

Manchester, United Kingdom, M20 4BX

Sponsors and Collaborators

Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Investigators

• Study Director: Novartis Pharmaceuticals; Novartis Pharmaceuticals

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Novartis ( Novartis Pharmaceuticals ):

Study Protocol  [PDF] June 26, 2020

Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] November 12, 2020

More Information

• Responsible Party: Novartis Pharmaceuticals
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03484923
• Other Study ID Numbers: CPDR001J2201; 2018-000610-38 ( EudraCT Number )
• First Posted: April 2, 2018
• Results First Posted: January 18, 2024
• Last Update Posted: January 18, 2024
• Last Verified: January 2024

Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:

• Plan to Share IPD: Yes

Plan Description

Novartis is committed to sharing with qualified external researchers, access to patient-level data and supporting clinical documents from eligible studies. These requests are reviewed and approved by an independent expert panel on the basis of scientific merit. All data provided is anonymized to respect the privacy of patients who have participated in the trial in line with applicable laws and regulations.

This trial data is currently available according to the process described on www.clinicalstudydatarequest.com.

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No

Keywords provided by Novartis ( Novartis Pharmaceuticals ):

Unresectable; melanoma; metastatic melanoma; advanced melanoma; spartalizumab; PDR001; LAG525; capmatinib; INC280; canakinumab; ACZ885; ribociclib; LEE011; immunotherapy; platform study; LAG-3

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Melanoma; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Neuroectodermal Tumors; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue; Nevi and Melanomas; Skin Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Skin Diseases; Spartalizumab; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Antineoplastic Agents