Laparoscopic Versus Open Right Colectomy for Right Colon Cancer
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05713903 |
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Recruitment Status :
Recruiting
First Posted : February 6, 2023
Last Update Posted : March 13, 2024
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| Tracking Information | ||||||||||
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| First Submitted Date ICMJE | January 26, 2023 | |||||||||
| First Posted Date ICMJE | February 6, 2023 | |||||||||
| Last Update Posted Date | March 13, 2024 | |||||||||
| Actual Study Start Date ICMJE | February 6, 2023 | |||||||||
| Estimated Primary Completion Date | January 10, 2026 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) | |||||||||
| Current Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE |
Mesocolic Resection Plane [ Time Frame: 1 month postoperatively ] Occurrence of Mesocolic Resection Plane. If such an episode occurs, then it will be defined as=1 'YES' If such an episode does not occur, then it will be defined as=0 'NO'
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| Original Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE | Same as current | |||||||||
| Change History | ||||||||||
| Current Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE |
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| Original Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE | Same as current | |||||||||
| Current Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures | Not Provided | |||||||||
| Original Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures | Not Provided | |||||||||
| Descriptive Information | ||||||||||
| Brief Title ICMJE | Laparoscopic Versus Open Right Colectomy for Right Colon Cancer | |||||||||
| Official Title ICMJE | Comparison of Laparoscopic Versus Open Right Colectomy for Right Colon Cancer, According to the Complete Mesocolic Excision (CME) Principles: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial | |||||||||
| Brief Summary | The purpose of this research protocol is to compare open versus laparoscopic right colectomy (according to the CME technique of complete mesocolic excision) for right colon cancer. This study will be designed as a prospective randomized controlled trial. The comparison of the two techniques will include endpoints regarding the quality characteristics of the specimens and the oncological results. In addition, the effectiveness of the two methods will be evaluated in terms of the early and late postoperative period. | |||||||||
| Detailed Description | Colorectal cancer is the third and second most common malignancy in male and female patients, respectively, with up to 1.8 million new cases and 860,000 deaths per year. Anterior resection with total mesorectal excision (TME) was first proposed by Heald in 1982 and is currently the gold standard surgical technique for middle and lower rectal cancer. Heald considered that the metastatic spread of the tumor occurs through micro-implantations in the lymph node network of the mesorectum, and much less through horizontal intramural infiltration, and thus defined rectal resection margins at 5cm or even 2cm for well-differentiated neoplasms. Therefore, he suggested that mesorectum displays a greater risk for micro-metastatic disease and should be removed en-bloc with intact resection margins. Similarly in 2009, Hohenberger proposed the complete mesocolon excision (CME) concept for the treatment of colon cancer, based on the respective embryological development anatomical planes. After analyzing a large cohort of patients, he concluded that this operation type leads to a significant reduction in the local recurrence and an increase in the overall survival rates. Hohenberger proposed open CME as the optimal surgical technique for colon cancer, under the premise that the following principles are met:
There are three resection planes: the mesocolic, intramesocolic and muscularis propria plane. The ideal resection plane is the mesocolic, in which the colon is removed, along with the entire mesocolon and all the venous and lymphatic tissue, without violating the visceral fascia. Surgical specimens categorized into either of the other two resection planes are associated with reduced R0 resection rates and with reduced overall survival. Characteristically, the muscularis propria resection plane has been associated with up to 15% reduced survival rate compared to the mesocolic plane. There are specific morphometric characteristics of surgical specimens that are used to assess their quality. These include tumor and proximal colon high vascular ligation distance, number of lymph nodes, length of resected small bowel and colon, and total area of the mesocolon. These characteristics are directly related to the number of harvested lymph nodes and, therefore, to overall survival. According to initial results, CME specimens were larger in size, contained a longer length of colon, a larger mesenteric surface and a greater number of lymph nodes compared to the standard colectomy specimens. In addition, a greater distance of the tumor from the resection margins was highlighted. Specifically for right colon cancers, recent publications have shown that CME can achieve better morphometric specimen characteristics and a greater number of lymph nodes. In a recent randomized study, Di Buono et al. compared the completion of CME or not, during laparoscopic right colectomy. A significant difference was found in favor of CME, regarding the specimen length and the lymph node harvest. Despite these, the literature evidence regarding the morphological and qualitative characteristics of laparoscopic and open CME specimens are still inconclusive. Specifically for right colectomies, in the comparative study by Gouvas et al., it was observed that the percentage of the mesocolic resection level was 100% in open colectomy, in contrast to 85.7% in the laparoscopic approach. However, this difference was not statistically significant. In a retrospective study by Ali Koc et al., no difference was found between open and laparoscopic CME in terms of specimen length, R0 resection rate and number of resected lymph nodes. A recent publication by Ali Zedan et al., argued that open CME is associated with longer specimens, larger mesenteric area, and increased resection margins. Another interesting finding was that the number of lymph nodes and the distance of the ligation site were greater in the laparoscopic CME group. However, the meta-analysis by Anania et al. failed to validate any difference between the two methods in the total number of lymph nodes. Finally, a comparative analysis of our own series of patients did not show superiority of one technique over the other in terms of resection level, specimen length and number of lymph nodes. Additional qualitative characteristics of a colon cancer operation include operative time, intraoperative blood loss, time of bowel function recovery, length of postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, as well as overall survival and local recurrence rate. In a recent meta-analysis by Anania et al. applying the principles of CME to right colectomies did not affect the rates of postoperative leaks, bleeding, overall complications, and reoperations. However, CME right colectomy was associated with optimal results in terms of 3-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival. Regarding the application of laparoscopy principles to CME colectomies, previous studies have confirmed that it is a technique with optimal results, such as faster postoperative recovery, shorter hospital stay, and lower morbidity. There is agreement between studies regarding the perioperative benefits of laparoscopic CME right colectomy versus the open method. According to Huang et al., the length of operative time between the two techniques was comparable. Laparoscopic right colectomy was associated with significantly lower intraoperative blood loss and faster initiation of feeding. In addition, these patients were discharged earlier compared to their counterparts in the open colectomy group. Moreover, no differences were observed in complication and local recurrence rates. These findings were also confirmed by the comparative study of Sheng et al., where the application of the minimally invasive technique resulted in lower levels of postoperative pain, and faster recovery. Accordingly, Shin et al., applying propensity score analysis, to remove possible confounding factors, in a sample of 2249 right colectomies and found that the technique is an independent predictor for 5-year disease-free survival. Pooled data from Anania et al., confirmed the superiority of laparoscopic CME in the rates of postoperative complications, intraoperative bleeding, and length of hospital stay. These are also in accordance with our own experience, where a significant benefit of the laparoscopic approach was shown in the duration of hospitalization and septic complications, at the cost of prolonged surgical time. |
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| Study Type ICMJE | Interventional | |||||||||
| Study Phase ICMJE | Not Applicable | |||||||||
| Study Design ICMJE | Allocation: Randomized Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Intervention Model Description: The study will employ a prospective, parallel randomized-controlled design Masking: None (Open Label)Masking Description: There will be no blindness at the level of the patient, the treating physicians (surgeon, anesthesiologist) and the researcher who will record the data. Primary Purpose: Treatment
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| Condition ICMJE | Colon Cancer | |||||||||
| Intervention ICMJE |
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| Study Arms ICMJE |
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| Publications * |
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* Includes publications given by the data provider as well as publications identified by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number) in Medline. |
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| Recruitment Information | ||||||||||
| Recruitment Status ICMJE | Recruiting | |||||||||
| Estimated Enrollment ICMJE |
114 | |||||||||
| Original Estimated Enrollment ICMJE | Same as current | |||||||||
| Estimated Study Completion Date ICMJE | January 10, 2027 | |||||||||
| Estimated Primary Completion Date | January 10, 2026 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) | |||||||||
| Eligibility Criteria ICMJE | Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Sex/Gender ICMJE |
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| Ages ICMJE | 18 Years to 90 Years (Adult, Older Adult) | |||||||||
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers ICMJE | No | |||||||||
| Contacts ICMJE |
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| Listed Location Countries ICMJE | Greece | |||||||||
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| Administrative Information | ||||||||||
| NCT Number ICMJE | NCT05713903 | |||||||||
| Other Study ID Numbers ICMJE | LORC | |||||||||
| Has Data Monitoring Committee | No | |||||||||
| U.S. FDA-regulated Product |
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| IPD Sharing Statement ICMJE |
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| Current Responsible Party | Perivoliotis Konstantinos, Larissa University Hospital | |||||||||
| Original Responsible Party | Same as current | |||||||||
| Current Study Sponsor ICMJE | Larissa University Hospital | |||||||||
| Original Study Sponsor ICMJE | Same as current | |||||||||
| Collaborators ICMJE | Not Provided | |||||||||
| Investigators ICMJE |
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| PRS Account | Larissa University Hospital | |||||||||
| Verification Date | March 2024 | |||||||||
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ICMJE Data element required by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and the World Health Organization ICTRP |
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