The Relationship Between Hemorrhoids and Smartphone Use in the Lavatory

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03444389
• Recruitment Status: Unknown
• First Posted: February 23, 2018
• Last Update Posted: February 23, 2018
• Sponsor: Yuzuncu Yıl University
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Sebahattin Celik, Yuzuncu Yıl University

Results Submitted - Not Posted on ClinicalTrials.gov

Results information has been submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the sponsor or investigator, but is not yet publicly available (or "posted") on ClinicalTrials.gov. The submitted information may not be available if it is pending Quality Control (QC) Review by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) or if issues identified during QC review are being addressed or corrected by the sponsor or investigator. NLM's limited QC review assesses for apparent errors, deficiencies, or inconsistencies. NLM staff do not verify the scientific validity or relevance of the submitted information.

• Recruitment Status: Unknown
• Estimated Primary Completion Date: June 1, 2018
• Estimated Study Completion Date: June 1, 2018

Submission Cycle	Results Submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov	Results Returned after Quality Control Review
1	October 31, 2018; (Canceled on November 27, 2018); November 27, 2018	March 14, 2019
2	April 4, 2019	June 28, 2019

Publications:

Haas PA, Haas GP, Schmaltz S, Fox TA Jr. The prevalence of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum. 1983 Jul;26(7):435-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02556521.

Fox A, Tietze PH, Ramakrishnan K. Anorectal conditions: hemorrhoids. FP Essent. 2014 Apr;419:11-9.

Gibbons CP, Bannister JJ, Read NW. Role of constipation and anal hypertonia in the pathogenesis of haemorrhoids. Br J Surg. 1988 Jul;75(7):656-60. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800750712.

Johanson JF, Sonnenberg A. The prevalence of hemorrhoids and chronic constipation. An epidemiologic study. Gastroenterology. 1990 Feb;98(2):380-6. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(90)90828-o.

Johanson JF, Sonnenberg A. Constipation is not a risk factor for hemorrhoids: a case-control study of potential etiological agents. Am J Gastroenterol. 1994 Nov;89(11):1981-6.

Wald A. Constipation, diarrhea, and symptomatic hemorrhoids during pregnancy. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2003 Mar;32(1):309-22, vii. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8553(02)00069-9.

Staroselsky A, Nava-Ocampo AA, Vohra S, Koren G. Hemorrhoids in pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 2008 Feb;54(2):189-90.

Gojnic M, Dugalic V, Papic M, Vidakovic S, Milicevic S, Pervulov M. The significance of detailed examination of hemorrhoids during pregnancy. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2005;32(3):183-4.

Bernstein WC. What are hemorrhoids and what is their relationship to the portal venous system? Dis Colon Rectum. 1983 Dec;26(12):829-34. doi: 10.1007/BF02554764.

Misra SP, Dwivedi M, Misra V. Prevalence and factors influencing hemorrhoids, anorectal varices, and colopathy in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopy. 1996 May;28(4):340-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1005477.

Lowney JK, Fleshman JW Jr. Benign disorders of the anorectum (pelvic floor, fissures, hemorrhoids, and fistulas). In: Zinner MJ, Ashley SW, eds. Maingot's Abdominal Operations. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2007: 663-693.